Tail Gas Treating
With the sulphur content of crude oil and natural gas on the increase and tightening sulphur content in fuels, REFINERS and gas processors are pushed for additional sulphur recovery capacity. At the same time, environmental regulatory agencies of many countries continue to promulgate more stringent standards for sulphur emissions from oil, gas and chemical processing facilities. It is necessary to develop and implement reliable and cost effective technologies to cope with the changing requirements. In response to this trend, several new TECHNOLOGIES are now emerging to comply with the most stringent regulations.
Typical sulphur recovery efficiencies for Claus plants are 90-96% for a two- stage, and 95-98% for a three- stage plant. Most countries require sulphur recovery efficiency in the range of 98.5% to 99.9+%. Therefore the sulphur constituents in the Claus tail gas need to be reduced further.
NoDoC cost model for tail gas treating considers different methods. For example NoDoC includes reductive methods with four main steps. The first step reacts the Claus tail gas with reducing gas, typically H2 and CO, over a tail gas treating catalyst in a reduction reactor to convert the residual sulphur compounds into hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The second step provides a water quench to reduce the treated gas temperature prior to its entry into an H2S absorber -- step three. In the fourth and final step, the overhead gas from the absorber is incinerated, if necessary, to oxidise the remaining trace sulphur compounds to SO2 which is released to the atmosphere.
Also NoDoC simulates The WorleyParsons BSR Amine process, DIRECT oxidations processes, and Sub dew point processes for Claus tail gas treatment.
Typical sulphur recovery efficiencies for Claus plants are 90-96% for a two- stage, and 95-98% for a three- stage plant. Most countries require sulphur recovery efficiency in the range of 98.5% to 99.9+%. Therefore the sulphur constituents in the Claus tail gas need to be reduced further.
NoDoC cost model for tail gas treating considers different methods. For example NoDoC includes reductive methods with four main steps. The first step reacts the Claus tail gas with reducing gas, typically H2 and CO, over a tail gas treating catalyst in a reduction reactor to convert the residual sulphur compounds into hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The second step provides a water quench to reduce the treated gas temperature prior to its entry into an H2S absorber -- step three. In the fourth and final step, the overhead gas from the absorber is incinerated, if necessary, to oxidise the remaining trace sulphur compounds to SO2 which is released to the atmosphere.
Also NoDoC simulates The WorleyParsons BSR Amine process, DIRECT oxidations processes, and Sub dew point processes for Claus tail gas treatment.
